- Why should I buy, instead of rent?
- Answer: A home is an investment. When you rent,
you write your monthly check and that money is gone forever. But
when you own your home, you can deduct the cost of your mortgage
loan interest from your federal income taxes, and usually from
your state taxes. This will save you a lot each year, because the
interest you pay will make up most of your monthly payment for
most of the years of your mortgage. You can also deduct the property
taxes you pay as a homeowner. In addition, the value of your home
may go up over the years. Finally, you'll enjoy having something
that's all yours - a home where your own personal style will tell
the world who you are.
- What are "foreclosure homes," and
are they a good deal?
- Answer: foreclosure
homes can
be a very good deal. When someone with a mortgage can't meet the
payments, the lender forecloses on the home; The lender takes ownership
of the home. Then we sell it at market value as quickly as possible.
Check our listings of foreclosure
homes and homes being sold by other federal agencies through
your Realtor.
- Should I use a Realtor?
How do I find one?
- Answer: Using a
Realtor is a very good idea. All the details involved
in home buying, particularly the financial ones, can be mind-boggling.
A good Realtor can guide you through the entire
process and make the experience much easier. A Realtor
will be well-acquainted with all the important things you'll
want to know about a neighborhood you may be considering...the
quality of schools, the number of children in the area, the safety
of the neighborhood, traffic volume, and more. He or she will
help you figure the price range you can afford and search the
multiple listing services for homes you'll
want to see. With immediate access to homes as soon as they're
put on the market, the Realtor can save you hours of wasted driving-around
time. When it's time to make an offer on a home, the Realtor
can point out ways to structure your deal to save you money.
He or she will explain the advantages and disadvantages of different
types of mortgages, guide you through the paperwork, and be there
to hold your hand and answer last-minute questions when you sign
the final papers at closing. And you don't have to pay the Realtor
anything! The payment comes from the home seller - not from the
buyer.
- How much money will I have to come up with to buy a home?
- Answer: That
depends, including the cost of the house and the type of mortgage
you get. In general, you need to come up with enough money to
cover three costs: earnest money - the deposit you
make on the home when you submit your offer, to prove to the seller
that you are serious about wanting to buy the house; the down
payment, a percentage of the cost of the home that
you must pay when you go to settlement; and closing
costs, the costs associated with processing the paperwork
to buy a house.
When you make an offer on a home,
your Realtor will put your earnest money into an escrow account.
If the offer is accepted, your earnest money will be applied
to the down payment or closing costs. If your offer is not
accepted, your money will be returned to you. The amount of
your earnest money varies.
The more money you can put into your down payment, the lower
your mortgage payments will be. Some types of loans require 10-20%
of the purchase price. That's why many first-time homebuyers
turn to HUD's FHA for help. FHA
loans require only 3% down - and sometimes less.
Closing costs - which you will
pay at settlement - average 3-4% of the price of your home.
These costs cover various fees your lender charges and other
processing expenses. When you apply for your loan, your lender
will give you an estimate of the closing costs, so you won't
be caught by surprise.
How do I know if I can get a loan?
- Answer: A
simple mortgage calculators determines how much mortgage you
could pay . If the amount you can afford is significantly less
than the cost of homes that interest you, then you might want
to wait awhile longer. But before you give up, why don't you
contact a Realtor?
They will help you evaluate your loan potential. A Realtor will
know what kinds of mortgages the lenders are offering and can
help you choose a lender with a program that might be right for
you. Another good idea is to get pre-qualified for a loan. That
means you go to a lender and apply for a mortgage before you
actually start looking for a home. Then you'll know exactly how
much you can afford to spend, and it will speed the process once
you do find the home of your dreams.
How do I find a lender?
- Answer: You can
finance a home with a loan from a bank, a savings and loan, a
credit union, a private mortgage company, or various state government
lenders. You can save money if you take some time to look around
for the best prices. Different lenders can offer quite different
interest rates and loan fees; and as you know, a lower interest
rate can make a big difference in how much home you can afford.
Talk with several lenders before you decide. Most lenders need
3-6 weeks for the whole loan approval process. Your Realtor will
be familiar with lenders in the area and what they're offering.
In addition to the mortgage payment,
what other costs will I need to pay?
- Answer: Well, of course you'll have your monthly
utilities. If your utilities have been covered in your rent, this
may be new for you. Your real estate broker will be able to help
you get information from the seller on how much utilities normally
cost. In addition, you might have homeowner association or condo
association dues. You'll definitely have property taxes, and you
also may have city or county taxes. Taxes normally are rolled into
your mortgage payment. Again, your broker will be able to help
you anticipate these costs.
So what will my mortgage cover?
- Answer: Most loans have 4 parts: principal:
the repayment of the amount you actually borrowed; interest: payment
to the lender for the money you've borrowed; homeowners insurance:
a monthly amount to insure the property against loss from fire,
smoke, theft, and other hazards required by most lenders; and property
taxes: the annual city/county taxes assessed on your property,
divided by the number of mortgage payments you make in a year.
Most loans are for 30 years, although 15 year loans are available,
too. During the life of the loan, you'll pay far more in interest
than you will in principal - sometimes two or three times more!
Because of the way loans are structured, in the first years you'll
be paying mostly interest in your monthly payments. In the final
years, you'll be paying mostly principal.
What do I need to take with me when I apply for a mortgage?
- Answer: If you
have everything with you when you visit your lender, you'll save
a good deal of time. You should have: 1) social security numbers
for both your and your spouse, if both of you are applying for
the loan; 2) copies of your checking and savings account statements
for the past 6 months; 3) evidence of any other assets like bonds
or stocks; 4) a recent paycheck stub detailing your earnings;
5) a list of all credit card accounts and the approximate monthly
amounts owed on each; 6) a list of account numbers and balances
due on outstanding loans, such as car loans; 7) copies of your
last 2 years' income tax statements; and 8) the name and address
of someone who can verify your employment. Depending on your
lender, you may be asked for other information.
I know there are lots of types
of mortgages - how do I know which one is good for me?
- Answer: There are
many types of mortgages, and the more you know about them , the
better. Most people use a fixed-rate mortgage. Your interest
rate stays the same for the term of the mortgage, which normally
is 30 years. The advantage of a fixed-rate mortgage is that you
always know exactly how much your mortgage payment will be, and
you can plan for it. Another kind of mortgage is an Adjustable
Rate Mortgage (ARM). With this kind of mortgage, your interest
rate and monthly payments usually start lower than a fixed rate
mortgage. But your rate and payment can change either up or down,
as often as once or twice a year. The adjustment is tied to a
financial index, such as the U.S. Treasury Securities index.
The advantage of an ARM is that you may be able to afford a more
expensive home because your initial interest rate will be lower.
There are several government mortgage programs,including the
VA's programs and the FHA programs. Most
people have heard of FHA mortgages. FHA doesn't actually make
loans. Instead, it insures loans so that if buyers default for
some reason, the lenders will get their money. This encourages
lenders to give mortgages to people who might not otherwise qualify
for a loan. Talk to your Realtor about the various
kinds of loans, before you begin shopping for a mortgage.
When I find the home I want, how much should I offer?
- Answer: Again,
your Realtor can help you here. But there are several things
you should consider: 1) is the asking price in line with prices
of similar homes in the area? 2) Is the home in good condition
or will you have to spend a substantial amount of money making
it the way you want it? You probably want to get a professional
home inspection before you make your offer. Your Realtor can
help you arrange one. 3) How long has the home been on the market?
If it's been for sale for awhile, the seller may be more eager
to accept a lower offer. 4) How much mortgage will be required?
Make sure you really can afford whatever offer you make. 5) How
much do you really want the home? The closer you are to the asking
price, the more likely your offer will be accepted. In some cases,
you may even want to offer more than the asking price, if you
know you are competing with others for the house.
What if my offer is rejected?
- Answer: They often
are! But don't let that stop you. Now you begin negotiating.
Your Realtor will help you. You may have to offer more money,
but you may ask the seller to cover some or all of your closing
costs or to make repairs that wouldn't normally be expected.
Often, negotiations on a price go back and forth several times
before a deal is made. Just remember - don't get so caught up
in negotiations that you lose sight of what you really want and
can afford!
- So what will happen at closing?
- Answer: Basically,
you'll sit at a table with your Realtor, the Realtor for the
seller, probably the seller, and a closing agent. The closing
agent will have a stack of papers for you and the seller to sign.
While he or she will give you a basic explanation of each paper,
you may want to take the time to read each one and/or consult
with your agent to make sure you know exactly what you're signing.
After all, this is a large amount of money you're committing
to pay for a lot of years! Before you go to closing, your lender
is required to give you a booklet explaining the closing costs,
a "good faith estimate" of how much
cash you'll have to supply at closing, and a list of documents
you'll need at closing. If you don't get those items, be sure to
call your lender BEFORE you go to closing. Be sure to read our
booklet on settlement
costs. It will help you understand your rights in the process.
Don't hesitate to ask questions.
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